Dairy Production and Management Coursera Quiz | Week (1 – 4)

Dairy Production and Management Coursera Quiz | Week (1 – 4)

Dairy Production and Management
Dairy Production and Management

 

 

Dairy Production and Management

Offered By ”The Pennsylvania State University”
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Instructor: Alexander N. Hristov +9 more instructors

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Week 1

Question 1

Which of the following breeds is associated with the highest yields of milk?

  • Ayrshire
  • Brown Swiss
  • Guernsey
  • Holstein
  • Jersey

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Question 2

Which of the following breeds are smaller with the highest milk-fat concentration?

  • Ayshire
  • Brown Swiss
  • Guernsey
  • Holstein
  • Jersey

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Question 3

Crossbreds?

 

  • Are a mix of two or more pure cattle breeds
  • Are the majority of cattle in the United States
  • Should never contain contributions from more than two breeds
  • Are limited by our inability to import semen from foreign breeds

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Question 4

If a bull has a PTA for milk of +100 pounds?

 

  • We expect his daughters to make 100 pounds of milk per year
  • We expect his daughters to make 100 pounds of milk per day
  • We expect his daughters to make 100 pounds more milk than a typical cow per year
  • We expect his daughters to make 100 pounds more milk than a typical cow per day

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Question 5

The data used to generate genetic evaluations for traits such as milk yield?

  • Are recorded about once per month on farms enrolled in milk testing programs
  • Are self-reported by farmers to the Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding
  • Are estimated based on how much feed a cow eats on a given day
  • Are only recorded for cows whose sons are enrolled in an artificial insemination program

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Question 6

Values for traits in $NM are derived by?

 

  • Estimating the expected economic outcome of changing a trait
  • Conducting an opinion poll to determine which traits breeders most want to change
  • Evaluating what traits have changed the least over the last half-century and increasing weight on those traits

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Question 7

The purpose of selection index is to?

 

  • Simplify the selection process
  • Help focus on the most economically important traits
  • Allow excellent performance in one trait offset poor performance in a second trait
  • All of the above

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Question 8

The genetic trend for fertility in cattle?

 

  • IS stable as we select for higher milk yield
  • Declines as a correlated response to selection for milk yield
  • Increases as a correlated response to selection for milk yield
  • Has declined and cannot be reversed if we do not reduce milk yield

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Question 9

Higher values for which of the following would SLOW the rate of genetic progress?

 

  • Accuracy
  • Selection intensity
  • Genetic variance
  • Generation interval

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Question 10

Genomic selection promises to help speed the rate of genetic progress because?

 

  • We will be able to increase genetic variance by finding the most important genes
  • We will have information on young bulls before they are sexually mature and thus decrease generation interval
  • We will substantially increase the accuracy of genetic evaluations for bulls that already have thousands of daughters

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Question 11

Genotyping technology is facilitated by testing?

 

  • About 100 SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms)
  • About 100 SNPs (Specific, Narrow, Prediction sites)
  • Many thousands of SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms)
  • Many thousands of SNPs (Specific, Narrow, Prediction sites)
  • Many thousands of INDELS (insertions/deletions)

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Question 12

Cloning?

 

  • Is the source of nearly all artificial insemination bulls
  • Has an unfavorable impact on generation interval
  • Promises to increase genetic diversity
  • Is not feasible in cattle at this time

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Question 13

Bull A has a PTA for productive life of +1. Bull B has a PTA for productive life of -2. We expect Bull A daughters?

 

  • To have 3 more calves than bull B daughters
  • To survive in the lactating herd 3 years longer than bull B daughters
  • To survive in the lactating herd 3 months longer than bull B daughters
 
 

Week- 2


 

Question 1
Which of the following would not be considered a forage for dairy cows?
  • Ryegrass pasture
  • Alfalfa hay
  • Sorghum silage
  • Barley grain
  • Corn silage

     

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Question 2
Which of the following soil nutrients is important to monitor when growing small grain silages?
  • Potassium

     

  • Calcium

     

  • Zinc

     

  • pH

     

  • Phosphorous

     

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Question 3
Alfalfa is especially sensitive to which of the following soil properties?
  • Slope

     

  • Soil drainage

     

  • Soil phosphorus

     

  • Soil nitrogen

     

  • Stonieness

     

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Question 4
Compared to corn, sorghum
  • Uses less water

     

  • Uses less water and needs more N fertilizer

     

  • Does not have BMR versions

     

  • Needs more N fertilizer

     

  • Needs more N fertilizer and does not have BMR versions

     

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Question 5
Nutrient management is a term that refers to:
  • Managing the energy levels of the forages to optimize production

     

  • Planning to distribute manure and fertilizers to the fields where they are most needed

     

  • Understanding the vitamin needs of the cattle on the farm

     

  • Balancing the ration of the cows

     

  • Matching the minerals to the protein content of the forage

     

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Question 6
Corn silage is popular annual forage crop because
  • the high protein content of the forage

     

  • the consistent forage quality and high yields

     

  • its responds well to N fertilizer

     

  • it has a relatively low starch content

     

  • it grows well on poor soils

     

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Question 7
Brown mid rib hybrids are known for what characteristic?
  • High yield

     

  • High starch content

     

  • High fiber digestibility

     

  • High protein

     

  • Reduced feed intake

     

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Question 8
Which of the following tools helps the producer know how much corn to plant?
  • Soil test report

     

  • Nutrient management plan

     

  • Cropping plan

     

  • Feed inventory

     

  • Variety performance trials

     

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Question 9
Winter small grains often have a special niche in cropping systems because:
  • The forage quality is often not influenced by maturity

     

  • Yields are higher than most other forage crops

     

  • Another forage crop can be double cropped following harvest

     

  • They are often harvested in the winter

     

  • They usually have lower protein levels than corn silage

     

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Question 10
For most small seeded forages, try not to plant more than
  • 1 inch deep

     

  • 2 inches deep

     

  • 1/2 inches deep

     

  • 3/8 inches deep

     

  • 3/4 inches deep

     

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Question 11
What nutrient is most commonly deficient in pasture-based diets for lactating dairy cows?
  • Protein

     

  • Energy

     

  • Potassium

     

  • Vitamins

     

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Question 12
Which of the following is NOT a possible supplementation strategy for grazing dairy cows?
  • Concentrate (grain)

     

  • No supplement

     

  • Silage/Baleage

     

  • All of the above are potential supplementation strategies

     

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Question 13
All of the following are keys to a successful dairy grazing system EXCEPT:
  • High debt/cow

     

  • Pasture management

     

  • Amount of pasture allocated per cow

     

  • High-quality pasture forage

     

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Question 14
Where do pasture plants (cool-season grasses and legume) store energy reserves used for regrowth?
  • Bottom few inches of the plant

     

  • Roots

     

  • Seed Heads

     

  • Both bottom few inches of the plant and roots

     

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Question 15
Repeated overgrazing of pastures will result in all of the following EXCEPT:
  • Stunted plant growth

     

  • Decreased forage production

     

  • Improved milk production

     

  • Increased weed pressure

     

Week- 3

Question 1
Corn silage is fed to dairy cows because it is a good source of:
  • Energy

     

  • Digestible fiber

     

  • Digestible starch

     

  • All of the above

     

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Question 2
Compared with fiber in alfalfa, rate of digestion of fiber in grasses is usually:
  • Faster

     

  • Slower

     

  • Not different

     

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Question 3
Alfalfa forage is included in dairy diets as a source of:
  • Available protein

     

  • Energy

     

  • Fat

     

  • Phosphorus

     

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Question 4
Dry matter content of a good quality small grain silage should be around:
  • 25

     

  • 35

     

  • 45

     

  • 55

     

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Question 5
Whole roasted soybeans are a good source of:
  • Energy

     

  • Fat

     

  • By-pass protein

     

  • All of the above

     

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6.
Question 6
Compared with other cereal grains, corn grain is a good source of:
  • Protein

     

  • Calcium

     

  • Beta-carotenes

     

  • Fat

     

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Question 7
Compared with corn grain, barley grain has:
  • More fiber

     

  • More protein

     

  • Less energy

     

  • All of the above

     

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Question 8
Nutritionists are cautious feeding wheat grain to dairy cows because of:
  • It’s high starch degradablility

     

  • It’s low protein content

     

  • It’s high fiber content

     

  • It’s low calcium content

     

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Question 9
Soybean meal is valued as a protein source for dairy cows because it’s protein is:
  • Mostly degradable in the rumen

     

  • Mostly undegradable in the rumen

     

  • Mostly true protein

     

  • Mostly non-protein nitrogen

     

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Question 10
Compared with soybean meal, canola (or rapeseed) meal has:
  • More energy

     

  • More methionine

     

  • Less fiber

     

  • All of the above

     

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Question 11
By harvesting hay too wet, we risk:
  • High leaf losses

     

  • Losses due to heating

     

  • High fermentation losses

     

  • All of the above

     

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Question 12
We shouldn’t be making silage with dry matter content below:
  • 25%

     

  • 35%

     

  • 45%

     

  • 55%

     

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Question 13
Silage inoculants usually contain:
  • Proteolytic bacteria

     

  • Protozoa

     

  • Lipolytic bacteria

     

  • Lactic acid bacteria

     

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Question 14
Gelatinization of starch during processing of grain is facilitated by:
  • Heat

     

  • Moisture

     

  • Pressure

     

  • All of the above

     

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Question 15
Compared with solvent-extracted, extruded soybean meal has:
  • Higher fat

     

  • Higher rumen undegradable protein

     

  • Higher energy

     

  • All of the above

     

Week- 4

Question 1
The main organ of the digestive tract of a dairy cow is:
  • The rumen

     

  • The omasum

     

  • The abomasum

     

  • The reticulum

     

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Question 2
Digestion of fiber in the rumen is carried out by:
  • Bacteria

     

  • Protozoa

     

  • Fungi

     

  • All of the above

     

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Question 3
Which of the following is the main source of energy for the dairy cow?
  • Glucose

     

  • Amino acids

     

  • Volatile fatty acids

     

  • Glycogen

     

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Question 4
Rumen acidosis is usually associated with:
  • Too much fiber in the diet

     

  • Too much fat in the diet

     

  • Too much protein in the diet

     

  • Too much starch in the diet

     

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Question 5
Which of these compounds can serve as a source of nitrogen for the rumen microbes?
  • Amino acids

     

  • Peptides

     

  • Ammonia

     

  • All of the above

     

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Question 6
Modern feeding systems use which type of energy to formulate energy requirements for dairy cows?
  • Net energy

     

  • Gross energy

     

  • Digestible energy

     

  • All of the above

     

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Question 7
The dairy cow has nutrient requirements for which functions?
  • Milk production

     

  • Maintenance

     

  • Pregnancy

     

  • Growth

     

  • All of the above

     

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Question 8
Important factors determining the nutrient requirements of dairy cows are:
  • Milk production

     

  • Milk fat content

     

  • Milk protein content

     

  • All of the above

     

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Question 9
Fiber in dairy diets is important because:
  • It is a cheap source of energy

     

  • It is available locally

     

  • It stabilizes rumen fermentation

     

  • It is a good source of amino acids

     

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Question 10
Usually, cows are milked for how many days in a year?
  • Around 305

     

  • Around 365

     

  • Around 205

     

  • Around 405

     

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Question 11
Commonly, in a dairy farm cows are grouped based on:
  • Lactation stage

     

  • Milk production

     

  • Will depend on available facilities

     

  • All of the above

     

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Question 12
To properly formulate diets for dairy cows we need to know:
  • Animal requirements

     

  • Feed dry matter intake

     

  • Nutritive composition of the feeds

     

  • All of the above

     

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Question 13
Important nutrients in fresh cow diets include:
  • Effective fiber

     

  • Sugars

     

  • Rapidly fermentable starch

     

  • Non-protein nitrogen

     

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Question 14
The neutral-detergent fiber concentration in dairy diets is typically around:
  • 20%

     

  • 30%

     

  • 50%

     

  • 60%

     

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Question 15
The crude protein concentration in dairy diets is typically around:
  • 9%

     

  • 14%

     

  • 17%

     

  • 20%

     

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